If you would like to find out more information about AS/A2 Product Design, speak to Ms Marconi or Mrs Zannar.
Take a look at the video below for little inspiration.
GCSE Product Design Examination
The GCSE Product Design examination is on
Monday 6th June 2011 AM.
Collect your revision guide from your Design & Technology teacher.
Please ensure you bring a pencil, 2 black pens, a ruler, a rubber and a sharpner to the examination.
The examination will be split up into to 2 parts, there will be 2 themes for the exam:
1. Temporary shelter.
2. Kitchen tools/equipment for over 65.
Good Luck!
Monday 6th June 2011 AM.
Collect your revision guide from your Design & Technology teacher.
Please ensure you bring a pencil, 2 black pens, a ruler, a rubber and a sharpner to the examination.
The examination will be split up into to 2 parts, there will be 2 themes for the exam:
1. Temporary shelter.
2. Kitchen tools/equipment for over 65.
Good Luck!
GSCE revision topics
You will need to revise the following topics:
1.) Design process
2.) Job titles, roles and responsibilities
3.) Materials & components
4.) Product packaging and labelling
5.) Manufacturing processes
6.) Tools and equipment
7.) Planning (production plan, flow charts)
8.) Inputs > processes > outputs > feedback
9.) Health and safety issues (British Standards)
10.) ICT/ CAD/CAM
11.) Environmental issue
12.) Manufacturing methods (one-off, batch and mass)
13.) Design ideas for both themes.
14.) Quality control
1.) Design process
2.) Job titles, roles and responsibilities
3.) Materials & components
4.) Product packaging and labelling
5.) Manufacturing processes
6.) Tools and equipment
7.) Planning (production plan, flow charts)
8.) Inputs > processes > outputs > feedback
9.) Health and safety issues (British Standards)
10.) ICT/ CAD/CAM
11.) Environmental issue
12.) Manufacturing methods (one-off, batch and mass)
13.) Design ideas for both themes.
14.) Quality control
Design process
The Design Process is made up of a number of stages. These are:
Design Brief
Research
Specification
Designing
Planning
Making
Testing
Evaluation
In the exam, you could be asked to write the design process in the correct order or write the definition of the stages in the design process.
Design Brief
Research
Specification
Designing
Planning
Making
Testing
Evaluation
In the exam, you could be asked to write the design process in the correct order or write the definition of the stages in the design process.
Job titles, roles and responsibilities
There are a number of job responsibilies when designing and manufacturing a product, some of these include:
Materials and components
Temporary Shelter
Name two materials that could be used during manufacture.
1. Aluminium
2. Nylon
State one property of each material that makes it suitable for use.
1. Aluminium is lightweight and does not rust easily.
2. Nylon is cheap, readily available, available in a range of colours and easily be cut and shape.
Kitchen tools.equipment for 65 years and older.
Name two materials that could be used during manufacture.
1. Aluminium
2. Nylon
State one property of each material that makes it suitable for use.
1. Aluminium is lightweight and does not rust easily.
2. Nylon is cheap, readily available, available in a range of colours and easily be cut and shape.
Kitchen tools.equipment for 65 years and older.
1. Stainless Steel or Aluminium
2. Polyproplyene
State one property of each material that makes it suitable for use.
1. Hard, tough and malleable metal which is corrosion resistant, but will rust.
2. Aluminium is lightweight and does not rust easily.
3. Very light with a good resistance. Good mechanical and electrical properties. Easy to mould into shape.
WOODS
MDF, PLYWOOD, BEECH, PINE
MARKING- SHARP PENCIL, STEEL RULE, TRY SQUARE
CUTTING- BAND SAW, PILLAR DRILL, ROUTER
SHAPING- SANDING MACHINE, SANDING PAPER
JOINING- DOWEL JOINT, HOUSING JOINT, LAP JOINT, PVA GLUE
FINISHING- VARNISH, WAX, PAINT
PLASTICS
ACRYLIC, HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE, POLYPROPYLENE
MARKING- PERMANENT MARKER, STEEL RULE, TRY SQUARE
CUTTING- BAND SAW, FRET SAW, LASER CUTTER
SHAPING- SANDING MACHINE, HAND FILE, WET AND DRY
JOINING- SOLVENT CEMENT
FINISHING- BUFFER WHEEL
METAL
ALUMINIUM, MILD STEEL, STAINLESS STEEL
MARKING- SCRIBER, ENGINEER'S SQUARE
CUTTING- HACKSAW, TINSNIPS
SHAPING- HAND FILE, EMERY CLOTH
JOINING- WELDING, NUT, BOLTS, SCREWS
FINISHING- POLISH
STANDARD COMPONENTS
A pre-manufactured component or a standard component is a component that you can used that has already been made. For example, a handle, screws, nails, pre-manufactured vacuum form mould or knock down fittings. Advantages are they are already made for you, you do not have to invest in workers or materials to make new parts.
Product Packaging and Labelling
The purpose of packaging.
1. Promotion
2. Information
3. Protection
Keep of rain/ damp conditions
European standards symbols
1. Promotion
2. Information
3. Protection
Name a material used for the packaging.
Material- corrugated card, bubble wrap, polystyrene
Material- corrugated card, bubble wrap, polystyrene
State two ways in which the cost of transporting your chosen product can be reduced.
1. Transport in bulk
2. sell only to local markets
1. Transport in bulk
2. sell only to local markets
What is the purpose of a barcodes?
Barcodes are used to inform the retailer the price of the product and the quantity available.
What is the purpose of labelling?
1. meet legal requirement
2. Inform customers
3. Branding
1. meet legal requirement
2. Inform customers
3. Branding
Types of labelling used on packaging
Recycling
To store the product the right way up
Keep of rain/ damp conditions
The contents are fragile.
BSI- British Standards Institute
Everyone loves superman, we are all head over
heels about superman
European standards symbols
Remember to add labels to your packaging, the materials you will use and three appropriate dimensions (measurements) for the packaging.
Tools and equipment
You will need to know the name of a range of tools and what they are used for. You will also need to know the difference between hand tools and power tool.
Planning
The planning stage comes after the designing stage and before the making stage in the design process.
Planning can include a production plan (ghant chart), flow chart and a seqence drawing.
You may be asked to create a flow chart for either a ride on toy or portable seat for outdoor use. Ensure you include details about the following for each material you use:
MARKING > CUTTING > SHAPING > JOINING > FINISHING
Watch the video below to find out about the production of the mechanical toy.
Planning can include a production plan (ghant chart), flow chart and a seqence drawing.
You may be asked to create a flow chart for either a ride on toy or portable seat for outdoor use. Ensure you include details about the following for each material you use:
MARKING > CUTTING > SHAPING > JOINING > FINISHING
Watch the video below to find out about the production of the mechanical toy.
Inputs > processes > outputs
When designing anf manufacturing a product, there are a range of inputs, processes and outputs. In the exam you could be asked to list up to 4 for each. You could also be asked to write the definition of what feeback is.
Health and safety issues
The designer isresponsible for the user's safety when they use their product.
Product safety must be considered. For example; products with no sharp corners, the use of non-toxic paint and no small parts.
SAFETY STANDARDS
A Kitemark symbol printed on a product, labelling or packaging assures customers that the product has been tested for quality and safety. The kitemark symbols is awarded by British Standards
Product safety must be considered. For example; products with no sharp corners, the use of non-toxic paint and no small parts.
SAFETY STANDARDS
A Kitemark symbol printed on a product, labelling or packaging assures customers that the product has been tested for quality and safety. The kitemark symbols is awarded by British Standards
You also may be asked in the exam about workshop safety rules. Ensure you explain in detail about each safety rule and why it is a harzard. These are easy marks. 
ICT/ CAD/CAM
In the exam, it could ask you how ICT in used throughout the design process or what types of ICT can be used.
Word Processor
A letter could be typed out and sent out to a range of companies to asked for specific information about existing chair for teenage bedrooms.
Database
Search, cross reference and present information quickly. Useful during investigation and research stage.
Spreadsheet
A spread sheet could be used to record the data received form the questionnaire, this could then be produced into graph to find out more information about your users needs.
Web Browser
A range of products could be analysed to see the best product on the market and to see the competition
Presentation package
To present information on screen / paper to a high standard, to explain the main features of a design proposal to an audience.
CAD Program
2D design could be use to produce part of the product and then part of the design such as a decorative pattern could be created using the laser cutter (CAM) or the product could be modelled on a program like 3D Rhinoceros so the designer can have a visual image of what the product can look like.
You could also be asked about CAD/CAM- Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacture
Advantages of CAD
Reliable, faster, accurate
Information can be saved
Photo realistic models can be created
Disadvantages of CAD
Hardware and software can be expensive
Training is required
Can be time comsuming
Advantages of CAM
Machines can operate in environments that might be harmful to humans
Quicker production times
Accuracy and quality in production
Disadvantges of CAM
Cost of buying and installing machinery are very expensive
Loss of jobs for workers
Workers at automated factories can have very little job satisfaction, as all they do is monitor the machinery.
Word Processor
A letter could be typed out and sent out to a range of companies to asked for specific information about existing chair for teenage bedrooms.
Database
Search, cross reference and present information quickly. Useful during investigation and research stage.
Spreadsheet
A spread sheet could be used to record the data received form the questionnaire, this could then be produced into graph to find out more information about your users needs.
Web Browser
A range of products could be analysed to see the best product on the market and to see the competition
Presentation package
To present information on screen / paper to a high standard, to explain the main features of a design proposal to an audience.
CAD Program
2D design could be use to produce part of the product and then part of the design such as a decorative pattern could be created using the laser cutter (CAM) or the product could be modelled on a program like 3D Rhinoceros so the designer can have a visual image of what the product can look like.
You could also be asked about CAD/CAM- Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacture
Advantages of CAD
Reliable, faster, accurate
Information can be saved
Photo realistic models can be created
Disadvantages of CAD
Hardware and software can be expensive
Training is required
Can be time comsuming
Advantages of CAM
Machines can operate in environments that might be harmful to humans
Quicker production times
Accuracy and quality in production
Disadvantges of CAM
Cost of buying and installing machinery are very expensive
Loss of jobs for workers
Workers at automated factories can have very little job satisfaction, as all they do is monitor the machinery.
Environmental issue
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
In the exam it may also ask you about the product life cycle.
State one advantage of following a product cycle graph for
The designer- shows at what stage to introduce modifications to product
The manufacturer- to see how well a product is selling and when to update and replace it, increase/decrease production
There are 5 diiferent stages to the product life cycle these are:
In the exam it may also ask you about the product life cycle.
State one advantage of following a product cycle graph for
The designer- shows at what stage to introduce modifications to product
The manufacturer- to see how well a product is selling and when to update and replace it, increase/decrease production
There are 5 diiferent stages to the product life cycle these are:
1. Introduction
The product is introduced in small numbers, highly priced, exclusive item
2. Rise
The product is advertised, begins to develop in popularity, details simplified and cheaper versions produced
3. Peak / maturity
Saturation point is reached most consumers will have bought it by now, the product is readily available at affordable process through mass production
4. Decline
The sales fall and the chair is sold at discount process in the sales
5. Obsolescence
The product is no longer manufactured
The product is introduced in small numbers, highly priced, exclusive item
2. Rise
The product is advertised, begins to develop in popularity, details simplified and cheaper versions produced
3. Peak / maturity
Saturation point is reached most consumers will have bought it by now, the product is readily available at affordable process through mass production
4. Decline
The sales fall and the chair is sold at discount process in the sales
5. Obsolescence
The product is no longer manufactured
This exam question normally has big marks. You will be expected to write half a page about this.
Exam questions
Why is it important that designers are environmentally friendly?
Why is it important designers reduce, reuse and recycle?
You should include in your answer about land fills, global warming, excessive packaging, use of renewable resources rather then non-renewable
What environmental issues would there be if a company distributed product globally rather then locally?
You should include in your answer about carbon footprint, air miles, pollution
one-off, batch and mass production
There are three main types of production. These are:
One-off production or custom production
Batch production
Mass Production
For the exam you will need to know what the differences are. Watch the video below to find out more.
One-off production or custom production
Batch production
Mass Production
For the exam you will need to know what the differences are. Watch the video below to find out more.
One off Production
- Final product is expensive
- Highly crafted product and highly skilled people
- Labour intensive
- Specific requirement for user
- One person or a small number of people
- Produced one at a time
- Original piece
- High standard of quality control
Batch Production
- A production line is set up
- The production line can be changed quickly, so that different products can be made.
- Team of people produce a require number of the same product
- Products can be produced a certain number at a time
- Templates, mould, former, jigs are used.
- Each worker completes one task and passing down the production line to the next worker.
- The workers are semi skilled or unskilled.
Mass Production
- Long period of time
- A semi-automated or fully automated production line is set up
- Each person is trained for specific job
- Large numbers of products are manufactured
- Sometimes require very little human input
- A lot of time and money to buy equipment and change tooling
- Cost of item is lower in the long term
- Expensive tool and machinery are used
- Limited training of staff as the product and equipment changes slowly.
Design ideas and annotation
You could be asked to draw up to 2 design ideas for the mechanical toy sale.
Try to draw the mechanical toy in 1 point perspective. Draw an L shapes and an upside down
T shape, draw the cirle shape handle, pick your 1 point perspective point, make sure it is not too close, draw the perspective line in faint, then draw the mechanical toy in 3D.
Make sure you draw the designs accurately in 3D isometric or 1 point perspective.
Most importantly labels all the drawings using ACCEESS FMM
Aesthetics
Cost
Customer
Environment
Ergonomics
Size
Safety
Function
Materials
Manufacture
Write down the materials you will use and why. The joining methods you will use, the finishing methods you will use and why and finally write down how your final design meets your design specification.
You may be asked how you will produce your product in batches on this question
To make the mechanical toy use in batches I will use
Templates, jigs and CAD/CAM.
Try to draw the mechanical toy in 1 point perspective. Draw an L shapes and an upside down
T shape, draw the cirle shape handle, pick your 1 point perspective point, make sure it is not too close, draw the perspective line in faint, then draw the mechanical toy in 3D.
Make sure you draw the designs accurately in 3D isometric or 1 point perspective.
Most importantly labels all the drawings using ACCEESS FMM
Aesthetics
Cost
Customer
Environment
Ergonomics
Size
Safety
Function
Materials
Manufacture
Write down the materials you will use and why. The joining methods you will use, the finishing methods you will use and why and finally write down how your final design meets your design specification.
You may be asked how you will produce your product in batches on this question
To make the mechanical toy use in batches I will use
Templates, jigs and CAD/CAM.
- I will use CAD/CAM to create the main character. I will design it on 2D design and cut it on the laser cutter.
- Jig can be used to make the holes for the dowel rod.
- Template can be used to create the background and foreground shapes.
Quality Control and Quality Assurance
Quality checks are used as part of quality control and quality assurance. Some quality checks are easy to do, but other quality checks are more difficult. For example:
Easy Quality checks
size
weight
construction
Difficult quality checks
attractiveness
comfortable
fashionable
Quality Control
Quality control is a series of checks which are carried out on a product as it is made. (quality control point are shown on a flow chart using a diamond shape.)
Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance checks the systems which make the products, before, during and after manufacture. It ensures that consistency is achieved and that it meets the required standard.
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